Thousands of substances have the potential to affect the heart’s
electrical system and alter its ability to pump blood through
the body. Many illegal, prescription and over-the-counter drugs,
as well as alcohol, tobacco, certain foods and other substances,
can affect the electrical signals that stimulate the heartbeat.
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Caffeine,
Diet and Heart Arrhythmias
Caffeine is the most common substance associated with heart arrhythmias.
Some people feel heart palpitations when they drink coffee or tea
or eat chocolate. Red wine and eating too much can bring about symptoms
in others. These rhythm problems are rarely serious. Substance
Abuse: Drugs and Inhalants
Abusing legal or illegal drugs can lead to dangerous arrhythmias.
Alcohol
Small amounts (less than one drink a day) of alcohol may reduce
the incidence of heart problems and increase “good”
cholesterol (HDL cholesterol). But, for some people, alcohol can
create heart rhythm disturbances. Alcohol abuse is a major risk
factor for high blood pressure, cardiomyopathy, heart failure and
stroke.
Tobacco
Tobacco causes more heart and blood vessel disease, stroke and heart-related
deaths than all illegal drugs combined. It contributes to as much
as one-third of all cardiovascular disease.
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Dietary
Supplements & Over-the-Counter Medications
Some herbs and other substances used in over-the-counter remedies
are believed to improve abnormal heart rhythms. Others can make
them worse or interfere with heart medications. Diet pills can be
especially problematic. Patients should always consult their healthcare
provider before taking any medication or supplement.
Prescription
Drugs
While most medicines prescribed by physicians are beneficial to
health, occasionally side effects can be detrimental. Certain medications
commonly prescribed for arrhythmias, heart disease and high blood
pressure can themselves cause heart problems, including rhythm disturbances.
The best course of action for patients is to be aware of symptoms
and work closely with a physician.
Substances
in the Environment & Workplace
Hundreds of substances in the environment can cause arrhythmias,
heart disease and death. In general, people at greatest risk are
those who handle or come into contact with dangerous substances
in the workplace.
A
few of the substance that can cause problems are: automobile emissions,
cigarette smoke, pollution from industrial plants, paint thinners
and propane gas.
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